What does the Pythagorean theorem formula a²+b²=c² represent?

The Pythagorean theorem, represented by the formula a² + b² = c², specifically defines the relationship among the three sides of a right triangle. In this context, 'a' and 'b' are the lengths of the two legs that form the right angle, while 'c' is the length of the hypotenuse, the side opposite the right angle. This theorem is instrumental in various fields such as geometry, physics, and engineering, as it allows for the calculation of one side of a right triangle when the lengths of the other two sides are known.

Understanding how this theorem applies to right triangles is foundational in mathematics and is crucial for solving numerous types of problems, particularly in navigation, construction, and design, where angles and distances need to be accurately calculated. The other options pertain to different mathematical concepts unrelated to the properties of right triangles and do not involve the specific relationship that the Pythagorean theorem addresses.